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Table 2 Grain length and grain width measured manually versus automatically (sample size = 50)

From: A novel machine-vision-based facility for the automatic evaluation of yield-related traits in rice

No.

Grain length (mm)

Grain width (mm)

 

Automatic measurement

Manual measurement

Absolute error

Relative error

Automatic measurement

Manual measurement

Absolute error

Relative error

1

7.34

7.31

0.03

0.46%

3.43

3.37

0.06

1.82%

2

7.32

7.35

0.03

0.36%

3.31

3.41

0.10

2.85%

3

7.23

7.10

0.13

1.88%

3.33

3.21

0.12

3.85%

4

7.43

7.31

0.12

1.65%

3.43

3.27

0.16

4.91%

5

7.19

7.14

0.05

0.66%

3.19

3.23

0.04

1.25%

6

7.45

7.19

0.27

3.69%

3.29

3.23

0.06

1.91%

7

7.31

7.26

0.06

0.76%

3.19

3.24

0.05

1.54%

8

7.12

7.09

0.03

0.38%

3.22

3.32

0.10

2.94%

9

7.38

7.29

0.08

1.14%

3.32

3.29

0.03

0.84%

10

7.39

7.31

0.08

1.14%

3.30

3.33

0.03

0.81%

11

7.41

7.20

0.21

2.97%

3.24

3.28

0.04

1.23%

12

7.40

7.21

0.19

2.62%

3.29

3.22

0.07

2.15%

13

7.25

7.13

0.12

1.61%

3.29

3.33

0.04

1.11%

14

7.16

7.13

0.03

0.46%

3.29

3.23

0.07

2.07%

15

7.39

7.23

0.15

2.14%

3.26

3.32

0.06

1.86%

16

7.51

7.31

0.20

2.76%

3.28

3.33

0.05

1.39%

17

7.19

7.13

0.06

0.91%

3.26

3.28

0.02

0.52%

18

7.46

7.29

0.16

2.25%

3.37

3.40

0.03

0.79%

19

7.27

7.28

0.01

0.14%

3.30

3.30

0.00

0.02%

20

7.29

7.20

0.09

1.28%

3.32

3.36

0.04

1.33%

21

7.32

7.23

0.09

1.29%

3.24

3.33

0.09

2.57%

22

7.33

7.25

0.07

0.98%

3.29

3.36

0.07

2.15%

23

7.52

7.37

0.15

2.09%

3.24

3.39

0.15

4.48%

24

7.38

7.32

0.06

0.85%

3.28

3.37

0.08

2.48%

25

7.33

7.33

0.00

0.01%

3.32

3.43

0.11

3.07%

26

7.36

7.22

0.14

1.94%

3.29

3.31

0.02

0.65%

27

7.36

7.19

0.17

2.39%

3.33

3.29

0.04

1.09%

28

7.28

7.29

0.01

0.14%

3.31

3.29

0.02

0.67%

29

7.24

7.18

0.06

0.81%

3.27

3.29

0.02

0.60%

30

7.42

7.28

0.15

2.00%

3.48

3.41

0.07

2.05%

31

7.33

7.27

0.06

0.82%

3.24

3.33

0.09

2.71%

32

7.29

7.11

0.19

2.61%

3.36

3.27

0.10

2.94%

33

7.47

7.35

0.12

1.68%

3.31

3.31

0.00

0.03%

34

7.26

7.24

0.02

0.21%

3.41

3.41

0.00

0.00%

35

7.59

7.42

0.17

2.22%

3.42

3.39

0.03

0.92%

36

7.31

7.18

0.13

1.80%

3.26

3.21

0.05

1.41%

37

7.36

7.20

0.16

2.16%

3.35

3.33

0.02

0.47%

38

7.50

7.26

0.23

3.22%

3.34

3.30

0.05

1.42%

39

7.36

7.28

0.08

1.09%

3.36

3.35

0.01

0.28%

40

7.12

7.13

0.02

0.26%

3.14

3.17

0.03

0.80%

41

7.34

7.15

0.19

2.67%

3.32

3.31

0.01

0.24%

42

7.21

7.26

0.05

0.69%

3.24

3.31

0.08

2.29%

43

7.39

7.20

0.19

2.64%

3.36

3.38

0.02

0.46%

44

7.37

7.24

0.13

1.75%

3.35

3.37

0.02

0.48%

45

7.38

7.32

0.06

0.78%

3.32

3.38

0.06

1.74%

46

7.24

7.20

0.03

0.46%

3.37

3.35

0.02

0.59%

47

7.42

7.26

0.16

2.23%

3.30

3.34

0.05

1.41%

48

7.59

7.39

0.21

2.79%

3.35

3.36

0.01

0.21%

49

7.38

7.32

0.05

0.73%

3.37

3.39

0.02

0.63%

50

7.28

7.23

0.05

0.68%

3.30

3.30

0.00

0.10%

Mean value

7.34

7.24

0.11

1.47%

3.31

3.32

0.04

1.31%